Acta Hydrologica Slovaca, Vol. 12, No. sc, 2011, p. 3 - 12, doi:
Scientific Paper, Slovak

Dana Baroková, Andrej Šoltész: Extreme hydrological situation – influence on the groundwater level regime

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• The goal of the contribution is the evaluation of the impact of Extreme hydrological situation on groundwater level regime. On the base of analysis and prognosis of groundwater level regime article shows the possibility of introducing technical measures which have to decrease the unfavourable groundwater level regime. At investigation of influence of effective rainfall, drainage resistance of the drain cd=b0/k0 and diameter of the drainage tube D (one of the proposed control measures) on specific inflow qr into this tube and on piesometric head difference ?hr in its vicinity a functional relation.
  
  KEY WORDS: groundwater level regime, surface-groundwater interaction, numerical model, drainage resistance
  
  Address:
  - Dana Baroková, Katedra hydrotechniky Stavebná fakulta STU Radlinského 11 813 68 Bratislava, Slovenská republika (Corresponding author. Tel.:+4212 59 274 619 Fax.: +4212 59 274 619 Email: dana.barokova@stuba.sk)
  - Andrej Šoltész, Katedra hydrotechniky Stavebná fakulta STU Radlinského 11 813 68 Bratislava, Slovenská republika

Acta Hydrologica Slovaca, Vol. 12, No. sc, 2011, p. 13 - 21, doi:
Scientific Paper, English

Andrej Šoltész, Dana Baroková, Ammar Hatem Kamel: Hydraulic modelling and flood mapping for the Latorica River in GIS environment

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• The research presents a straightforward approach for processing output of the MIKE11 GIS hydraulic model, to enable two- and three-dimensional floodplain mapping and analysis in the ArcView geographic information system. The methodology is applied for the Latorica River, located in eastern Slovakia. A planimetric floodplain view is developed using digital ortho-photography as a base map. A digital terrain model is synthesized from MIKE11 cross-sectional coordinate data and a digital elevation model of the study area. The resulting surface model provides a good representation of the general landscape and contains additional detail within the stream channel. Overall, the results of the research indicate that GIS is an effective tool for floodplain mapping and analysis. Flood mapping for the Latorica River is a part of an environmental cross-border project between Slovak Republic and Hungary.
  
  KEY WORDS: floodplain analysis, flood mapping, GIS, MIKE 11, River modelling and unsteady flow
  
  Address:
  - Andrej Šoltész, Katedra hydrotechniky Stavebná fakulta STU Radlinského 11 813 68 Bratislava, Slovenská republika (Corresponding author. Tel.:+4212 59 274 619 Fax.: +4212 59 274 619 Email: andrej.soltesz@stuba.sk)
  - Dana Baroková, Katedra hydrotechniky Stavebná fakulta STU Radlinského 11 813 68 Bratislava, Slovenská republika
  - Ammar Hatem Kamel, Katedra hydrotechniky Stavebná fakulta STU Radlinského 11 813 68 Bratislava, Slovenská republika

Acta Hydrologica Slovaca, Vol. 12, No. sc, 2011, p. 22 - 32, doi:
Scientific Paper, Slovak

Martin Orfánus, Andrej Šoltész, Peter Šulek, Peter Dušička, Dana Baroková: The simulation of water dynamics through functional object of retention dam Oreské using 3D mathematical CFD model

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• The article deals with application ability of three dimensional mathematical CFD (Computational Fluid Dynamics) model. Analyzes were applied for functional object of retention dam Oreské on river Chvojnica. The results of simulation were compared with physical model results as well as empirical calculations carried out on the Department of hydraulics SvF STU (Kamenský, 2001). Five variants of simulation were arranged with different upper water levels. The primary comparing parameter were the discharge which is directly related to functional objects rating curve. By reason of missing discharge output in three dimensional mathematical models as well as two dimensional models the discharges were processed through the velocity fields. In the article is described the process of preprocessing, simulation, postprocessing and evaluation of simulation. The results were compared with numerical and physical model.
  
  KEY WORDS: computational fluid dynamics, three dimensional mathematical modeling, rating curve, velocity field
  
  Address:
  - Martin Orfánus, Katedra hydrotechniky Stavebná fakulta, STU Radlinského 11, 813 68 Bratislava, Slovenská republika (Corresponding author. Tel.: Fax.: Email: martin.orfanus@stuba.sk)
  - Andrej Šoltész, Katedra hydrotechniky Stavebná fakulta, STU Radlinského 11, 813 68 Bratislava, Slovenská republika
  - Peter Šulek, Katedra hydrotechniky Stavebná fakulta, STU Radlinského 11, 813 68 Bratislava, Slovenská republika
  - Peter Dušička, Katedra hydrotechniky Stavebná fakulta, STU Radlinského 11, 813 68 Bratislava, Slovenská republika
  - Dana Baroková, Katedra hydrotechniky Stavebná fakulta, STU Radlinského 11, 813 68 Bratislava, Slovenská republika

Acta Hydrologica Slovaca, Vol. 12, No. sc, 2011, p. 33 - 39, doi:
Scientific Paper, Slovak

, Peter Šulek: Determination of water level regime for different variants of the navigable „Zemplín waterway“

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• Within “Zemplín Waterway” was prepared several variants Bodrog river navigable, which was necessary to set minimum and maximum water levels of complying with navigational parameters of the waterway and the safety of navigation. Specific modifications of the waterway to achieve the desired parameters have been recommended by water level regime simulation.
  
  KEY WORDS: waterway, fairway parameters, water level regime, mathematical modelling
  
  Address:
  - Roman Cabadaj, - Peter Šulek, Katedra hydrotechniky Stavebná fakulta STU v Bratislave Radlinského 11 813 68 Bratislava, Slovenská republika

Acta Hydrologica Slovaca, Vol. 12, No. sc, 2011, p. 40 - 46, doi:
Scientific Paper, Slovak

Kamila Hlavčová, Silvia Kohnová, Marcela Bulantová: Scenarios of extreme flood from extreme rainfalls in Myjava and Teplice River basin

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• In the paper the methodology of developing scenarios of extreme floods caused by extreme summer rainfalls is presented. As pilot basins the Myjava – Jablonica, Teplica – Sobotište and Teplica – Senica River basins were selected. For runoff modeling the conceptual rainfall-runoff model with lumped parameter was used in a daily time step. The model parameters were calibrated with emphasis on agreement of simulated and measured mean daily discharges of selected summer flood events from the period 1981-2007. Following, the extreme floods caused by design rainfalls with different return periods were simulated. Return periods of simulated extreme floods were estimated and compared with the return periods of causative rainfalls. The effect of antedencent soil moisture on simulated floods was also taken in account.
  
  KEY WORDS: rainfall-runoff model, extreme rainfall, scenarios of extreme flood, Myjava River basin
  
  Address:
  - Kamila Hlavčová, Katedra vodného hospodárstva krajiny Stavebná fakulta STU v Bratislave Radlinského 11 813 68 Bratislava, Slovenská republika (Corresponding author. Tel.:+4212 592 74 498 Fax.: Email: kamila.hlavcova@stuba.sk)
  - Silvia Kohnová, Katedra vodného hospodárstva krajiny Stavebná fakulta STU v Bratislave Radlinského 11 813 68 Bratislava, Slovenská republika
  - Marcela Bulantová, Katedra vodného hospodárstva krajiny Stavebná fakulta STU v Bratislave Radlinského 11 813 68 Bratislava, Slovenská republika

Acta Hydrologica Slovaca, Vol. 12, No. sc, 2011, p. 47 - 54, doi:
Scientific Paper, Slovak

Jana Látečková, Silvia Kohnová, Ladislav Gaál, Ján Szolgay: Deriving scaling exponents of rainfall intensities for separate months in the warm season for the selected raingauge stations from the North-Eastern part of Slovakia

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• The study was aimed at deriving scaling exponents of rainfall intensities for the selected raingauge stations. We have focused on testing the differences between the scaling exponents estimated (i) on a monthly or bimonthly basis, and (ii) on the basis of the whole season (usually from April to September). Four raingauge stations were selected for the analysis from the North-Eastern part of Slovakia. The scaling exponents of rainfall intensities were derived for separate months in the warm season and compared with the scaling exponents for the whole season. Finally, the design values of rainfall intensities were derived and compared with the design values derived by Šamaj and Valovič (1973).
  
  KEY WORDS: simple scaling, rainfall intensities, design values, raingauge station
  
  Address:
  - Jana Látečková, Katedra vodného hospodárstva krajiny Stavebná fakulta STU Radlinského 11 813 68 Bratislava, Slovenská republika (Corresponding author. Tel.:+421 59274 621 Fax.: Email: jana.lateckova@stuba.sk)
  - Silvia Kohnová, Katedra vodného hospodárstva krajiny Stavebná fakulta STU Radlinského 11 813 68 Bratislava, Slovenská republika
  - Ladislav Gaál, Katedra vodného hospodárstva krajiny Stavebná fakulta STU Radlinského 11 813 68 Bratislava, Slovenská republika
  - Ján Szolgay, Katedra vodného hospodárstva krajiny Stavebná fakulta STU Radlinského 11 813 68 Bratislava, Slovenská republika

Acta Hydrologica Slovaca, Vol. 12, No. sc, 2011, p. 55 - 63, doi:
Scientific Paper, Slovak

Michaela Danáčová, Miroslav Baláž, Peter Šúrek, Ján Szolgay: Hydrological modelling of flood wave movement in open channel

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• The discrete state space formulations of the Kalinin-Miljukov and the Muskingum models were applied on the lower Morava reach between Moravský Svätý Ján and Záhorská Ves. The parameters of both models can be estimated by several methods. Here the classical trial and error and graphic methods are compared with new methods. In these genetic algorithm and harmony search were used for optimization of parameters. The results, which were assessed by the Nash-Sutcliffe efficiency coefficient, showed a good degree of accuracy of all the tested methods.
  
  KEY WORDS: hydrological model, transformation of flood wave, parameters of model
  
  Address:
  - Michaela Danáčová, Katedra vodného hospodárstva krajiny Stavebná fakulta STU Radlinského 11 813 68 Bratislava, Slovenská republika (Corresponding author. Tel.:+ 421 2 59274 498 Fax.: + 421 2 52923 575 Email: michaela.danacova@stuba.sk)
  - Miroslav Baláž, Katedra vodného hospodárstva krajiny Stavebná fakulta STU Radlinského 11 813 68 Bratislava, Slovenská republika
  - Peter Šúrek, Katedra vodného hospodárstva krajiny Stavebná fakulta STU Radlinského 11 813 68 Bratislava, Slovenská republika
  - Ján Szolgay, Katedra vodného hospodárstva krajiny Stavebná fakulta STU Radlinského 11 813 68 Bratislava, Slovenská republika

Acta Hydrologica Slovaca, Vol. 12, No. sc, 2011, p. 64 - 71, doi:
Scientific Paper, Slovak

Milan Čistý, Martin Suchár: Evaluation of data selection for data-driven models in flow prediction

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• In this paper we deal with comparison of the forecasting of water flows in the streams using the common method of artificial neural network – multilayer perceptron and most recent type of data driven model - support vectors machines. Parameters of the data driven methodology were evaluated by application of the genetic algorithm for a better performance and results. Main part of the paper was dedicated to analysis of data sets manipulation in process of the model development. Data for creation of the model were selected in more alternatives to training, validation and testing data sets respectively for making possibility of the evaluation of this step. Evaluation of the results revealed need for more sophisticated procedure while managing input data in data driven models.
  
  KEY WORDS: forecasting, data-driven models, multilayer perceptron, support vector machine
  
  Address:
  - Milan Čistý, Katedra vodného hospodárstva krajiny Stavebná fakulta Slovenskej technickej univerzity v Bratislave Radlinského 11 813 68 Bratislava, Slovenská republika (Corresponding author. Tel.: Fax.: Email: milan.cisty@stuba.sk)
  - Martin Suchár, Katedra vodného hospodárstva krajiny Stavebná fakulta Slovenskej technickej univerzity v Bratislave Radlinského 11 813 68 Bratislava, Slovenská republika

Acta Hydrologica Slovaca, Vol. 12, No. sc, 2011, p. 72 - 81, doi:
Scientific Paper, Slovak

Viliam Macura, Marcela Škrovinová, Ivan Stankoci, Andrej Škrinár, Monika Jalčovíková, Jaroslav Andreji, Jana Kráľová: Effect of restoration of the branch system in the inundation of streams on the ichthyofauna and recreational use of the area

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• The proposal for restoration the branches of lower Váh River, which are located in the inundation area was developed on the basis of topographic survey, ichthyological survey and the analysis of land potential. The article presents a proposal for the branch in the city of Šaľa. The ichthyological survey shows that the branch system of regulated rivers rapidly ages and thus it does not create acceptable conditions for the ichthyofauna. From the modeling of the quality of aquatic habitat by the IFIM methodology, it follows that morphological changes, particularly deepening of the channel, will create optimal conditions for the ichthyofauna. The article also presents a proposal for recreational use of the restored channel.
  
  KEY WORDS: restoration of the inundation area, stream branch, IFIM method (Instream Flow Incremental Methodology), quality of habitat
  
  Address:
  - Viliam Macura, Katedra vodného hospodárstva krajiny SvF. STU Radlinského 11 813 68 Bratislava, Slovenská republika (Corresponding author. Tel.:+4212 5927 4498 Fax.: Email: viliam.macura@stuba.sk)
  - Marcela Škrovinová, Katedra vodného hospodárstva krajiny SvF. STU Radlinského 11 813 68 Bratislava, Slovenská republika
  - Ivan Stankoci, Katedra vodného hospodárstva krajiny SvF. STU Radlinského 11 813 68 Bratislava, Slovenská republika
  - Andrej Škrinár, Katedra vodného hospodárstva krajiny SvF. STU Radlinského 11 813 68 Bratislava, Slovenská republika
  - Monika Jalčovíková, Katedra vodného hospodárstva krajiny SvF. STU Radlinského 11 813 68 Bratislava, Slovenská republika
  - Jaroslav Andreji, Katedra hydinárstva a malých hospodárskych zvierat Fakulta agrobiológie a potravinových zdrojov SPU Trieda A. Hlinku 2 949 76 Nitra, Slovenská republika
  - Jana Kráľová, Katedra vodného hospodárstva krajiny SvF. STU Radlinského 11 813 68 Bratislava, Slovenská republika

Acta Hydrologica Slovaca, Vol. 12, No. sc, 2011, p. 82 - 89, doi:
Scientific Paper, Slovak

Jozef Kriš, Ivona Škultétyová, Štefan Stanko, Jarmila Božíková, Dušan Rusnák: Border water fond – groundwater resources

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• Many of the mentioned problems can also be seen in our region of the Central Europe. The impact of anthropogenic activity (reducing forest areas, land use, urbanization, increase of impermeable surfaces, reduction of alluvial forests, wetlands, etc.) proves the fact that the trend to control water resources prevails over reasonable use of water also in our region. The present conditions of drinking water supply, wastewater collection and treatment in Slovakia falls behind the level of developed countries in Europe and the world and it forces us to search for ways how to get closer to these trends and objectives. Groundwater resources of Slovakia are distributed very unevenly take consider on their quality, space and time. The state borders of Slovakia with five neighbouring countries mostly do not pass along the boundaries of hydrological units (watershed divides, fall lines, streams) in most cases, which cause the problems in hydrological evaluation of inflow and outflow from Slovak region. This fact involves the necessity of international cooperation of Slovak and neighbour republics in watermanagement. The example of international cooperation of transboundary rivers is the case studies elaboration. The paper shows the example of the Morava river case study, which define the border between Slovakia and Austria.
  
  KEY WORDS: groundwater sources, water quality, groundwater protection, transboundary rivers
  
  Address:
  - Jozef Kriš, Stavebná fakulta STU v Bratislava Katedra zdravotného a environmentálneho inžinierstva Radlinského 11 813 68 Bratislava, Slovenská republika (Corresponding author. Tel.: Fax.: Email: jozef.kris@stuba.sk)
  - Ivona Škultétyová, Stavebná fakulta STU v Bratislava Katedra zdravotného a environmentálneho inžinierstva Radlinského 11 813 68 Bratislava, Slovenská republika
  - Štefan Stanko, Stavebná fakulta STU v Bratislava Katedra zdravotného a environmentálneho inžinierstva Radlinského 11 813 68 Bratislava, Slovenská republika
  - Jarmila Božíková, Stavebná fakulta STU v Bratislava Katedra zdravotného a environmentálneho inžinierstva Radlinského 11 813 68 Bratislava, Slovenská republika
  - Dušan Rusnák, Stavebná fakulta STU v Bratislava Katedra zdravotného a environmentálneho inžinierstva Radlinského 11 813 68 Bratislava, Slovenská republika

Acta Hydrologica Slovaca, Vol. 12, No. sc, 2011, p. 90 - 95, doi:
Scientific Paper, Slovak

Jarmila Božíková, Ivona Škultétyová, Jozef Kriš, Štefan Stanko, Dušan Rusnák: Water-supplies and their consumption

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• The problems with drinking water delivery require different way of water and its sources use. The extensive approach to the water provision with required quantity and quality will have to be changed for an effective source protection and its rational use. The paper deals with comments to the tariff, consumption, and perspective demand of drinking water policy under the reduced utilization capacity of sources, and the possibilities of the large-capacity source delivery development. Žitný ostrov could be an example of present functional and effective integrated protection - Hydraulic protection of Slovnaft groundwater.
  
  KEY WORDS: drinking water sources, delivery to inhabitants, water tariff, groundwater protection
  
  Address:
  - Jarmila Božíková, Stavebná fakulta STU v Bratislava Katedra zdravotného a environmentálneho inžinierstva STU Radlinského 11 813 68 Bratislava, Slovenská republika (Corresponding author. Tel.: Fax.: Email: jarmila.bozikova@stuba.sk)
  - Ivona Škultétyová, Stavebná fakulta STU v Bratislava Katedra zdravotného a environmentálneho inžinierstva STU Radlinského 11 813 68 Bratislava, Slovenská republika
  - Jozef Kriš, Stavebná fakulta STU v Bratislava Katedra zdravotného a environmentálneho inžinierstva STU Radlinského 11 813 68 Bratislava, Slovenská republika
  - Štefan Stanko, Stavebná fakulta STU v Bratislava Katedra zdravotného a environmentálneho inžinierstva STU Radlinského 11 813 68 Bratislava, Slovenská republika
  - Dušan Rusnák, Stavebná fakulta STU v Bratislava Katedra zdravotného a environmentálneho inžinierstva STU Radlinského 11 813 68 Bratislava, Slovenská republika

Acta Hydrologica Slovaca, Vol. 12, No. sc, 2011, p. 96 - 104, doi:
Scientific Paper, Slovak

Ivona Škultétyová, Štefan Stanko, Jozef Kriš, Jarmila Božíková, Dušan Rusnák: Risk of contamination from landfills.

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• The contamination of the surface and underground water by new designed and existing municipal landfills leachate impacted outside the landfill body is the one of the very important negative indicator. Leachate produces the percolation, makes inside landfill body from the various sources in various conditions dependency – precipitation, sort of waste, initial moisture of waste raw, waste concretion, the biochemical reaction dependent on waste decomposition etc. This leachate depends from designed and existing technical landfill arrangements. The chemical composition of leachate liquid is affected by the many conditions – the amount of produced leachate, the origin properties of landfill gas, chemical and biochemical reactions caused by the waste decomposition etc. The human health influence of landfill and the environmental influence of landfill are relatively clear in the landfill operational period and in the period after landfill close, which is trusted in many public expert studies, but the influence and behavior of the landfill in the flood period is not clearly investigated to this time. In all reviewed period cases and in the flood situation, we can to estimate the landfill contamination with the system methods base on the risk analyses. The paper describes the methodology of the risk analyses concerning leachate liquid contamination not only in standard period but in flood time too.
  
  KEY WORDS: landfill, solid waste, flood, leachate, environment
  
  Address:
  - Ivona Škultétyová, Stavebná fakulta STU v Bratislava Katedra zdravotného a environmentálneho inžinierstva Radlinského 11 813 68 Bratislava, Slovenská republika (Corresponding author. Tel.: Fax.: Email: ivona.skultetyova@stuba.sk)
  - Štefan Stanko, Stavebná fakulta STU v Bratislava Katedra zdravotného a environmentálneho inžinierstva Radlinského 11 813 68 Bratislava, Slovenská republika
  - Jozef Kriš, Stavebná fakulta STU v Bratislava Katedra zdravotného a environmentálneho inžinierstva Radlinského 11 813 68 Bratislava, Slovenská republika
  - Jarmila Božíková, Stavebná fakulta STU v Bratislava Katedra zdravotného a environmentálneho inžinierstva Radlinského 11 813 68 Bratislava, Slovenská republika
  - Dušan Rusnák, Stavebná fakulta STU v Bratislava Katedra zdravotného a environmentálneho inžinierstva Radlinského 11 813 68 Bratislava, Slovenská republika

Acta Hydrologica Slovaca, Vol. 12, No. sc, 2011, p. 105 - 111, doi:
Scientific Paper, Slovak

Dušan Rusnák, Štefan Stanko, Jarmila Božíková, Ivona Škultétyová, Jozef Kriš: The recommendation for the threshold rainfall capacity determination in the Slovak condition

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• Combined sewer overflow is the very important structure of combined sewer system. This structure allows to outflowing some portion of mixed waste waters in the storm period, when the sewer system is attacked by the huge amount of storm waters, into the recipient or into the rainfall basin. The combined sewer overflow structure (CSO) starts the activity in the moment, when the dilution of the domestic waste water and storm water achieve some requested ratio. In the case that the sewer system doesn’t include the rainfall basin, the overflow sewer can be directly influenced by the water flow from recipient in the period of high levels flood conditions. The recommendation fro the design of CSO structure is base on the rainfall threshold capacity, which is the same for the entire watershed or entire sewer system. The paper describes the new approach of the threshold rainfall capacity computation recommended for the whole Slovakia. Compared with the older methodology in use, the new approach implements the parameters, which makes provision more complex factors influencing the CSO structure functionality in specific location. The new methodology includes the recipient protection against pollution, which is based on the water stream purity classification.
  
  KEY WORDS: CSO structure, boundary rainfall capacity, ratio dilution, acceptable portion of overflow waste water
  
  Address:
  - Dušan Rusnák, Katedra zdravotného a environmentálneho inžinierstva Stavebná fakulta STU Bratislava Radlinského 11, 813 68 Bratislava, Slovenská republika (Corresponding author. Tel.:+421 2 59274 644 Fax.: +421 2 52921 184 Email: dusan.rusnak@stuba.sk)
  - Štefan Stanko, Katedra zdravotného a environmentálneho inžinierstva Stavebná fakulta STU Bratislava Radlinského 11, 813 68 Bratislava, Slovenská republika
  - Jarmila Božíková, Katedra zdravotného a environmentálneho inžinierstva Stavebná fakulta STU Bratislava Radlinského 11, 813 68 Bratislava, Slovenská republika
  - Ivona Škultétyová, Katedra zdravotného a environmentálneho inžinierstva Stavebná fakulta STU Bratislava Radlinského 11, 813 68 Bratislava, Slovenská republika
  - Jozef Kriš, Katedra zdravotného a environmentálneho inžinierstva Stavebná fakulta STU Bratislava Radlinského 11, 813 68 Bratislava, Slovenská republika

Acta Hydrologica Slovaca, Vol. 12, No. sc, 2011, p. 112 - 118, doi:
Scientific Paper, Slovak

Štefan Stanko, Dušan Rusnák, Ivona Škultétyová, Jarmila Božíková, Jozef Kriš: Climate change and its possible impact on the surface runoff creation

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• The global climate change, as the present phenomenon, brings for us the many problems, which we need to solve it, take the consideration on human population negative impact decreasing. The important effect of climate change we can discuss in the relation with the sewer system operational and build new one. We need do make provision for not only global, but local climate change too. The UHI (Urban Heat Island) effect becomes very important with the extensive urbanization. This phenomenon is more important than the global climate change in urban areas. Rainfall-runoff process is changed concerning the UHI effect. The rainfalls can be shorter and more intensive, which cause the increasing of the flood risk. The paper offer the simulation computation of various conditions based on UHI effect with the relevant results.
  
  KEY WORDS: climate change, Urban Heat Island effect, sewer system, surface runoff
  
  Address:
  - Štefan Stanko, Stavebná fakulta STU v Bratislava Katedra zdravotného a environmentálneho inžinierstva Radlinského 11 813 68 Bratislava, Slovenská republika (Corresponding author. Tel.: Fax.: Email: stefan.stanko@stuba.sk)
  - Dušan Rusnák, Stavebná fakulta STU v Bratislava Katedra zdravotného a environmentálneho inžinierstva Radlinského 11 813 68 Bratislava, Slovenská republika
  - Ivona Škultétyová, Stavebná fakulta STU v Bratislava Katedra zdravotného a environmentálneho inžinierstva Radlinského 11 813 68 Bratislava, Slovenská republika
  - Jarmila Božíková, Stavebná fakulta STU v Bratislava Katedra zdravotného a environmentálneho inžinierstva Radlinského 11 813 68 Bratislava, Slovenská republika
  - Jozef Kriš, Stavebná fakulta STU v Bratislava Katedra zdravotného a environmentálneho inžinierstva Radlinského 11 813 68 Bratislava, Slovenská republika

Acta Hydrologica Slovaca, Vol. 12, No. sc, 2011, p. 119 - 123, doi:
Scientific Paper, Slovak

Miloslav Drtil, Ivana Jonatová, Lenka Babjaková, Nina Kolesárová, Katarína Galbová: Post-denitrification in USB reactor with granulated biomass and with crude glycerol as external organic substrate

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• The tertiary post-denitrification in USB reactor with anoxic granulated biomass and with crude glycerol (G-phase) as an external organic substrate is a possible technology for residual nitrates removal from wastewater already treated in biological stage. Anoxic granules with excellent sedimentation properties (sludge volume index 9 – 17 ml/g) were spontaneously cultivated from anaerobic granulated sludge. Maximum loading of USB reactor Bv.max was on the level of 14 - 20 kg COD/m3.d (at laboratory temperatures 17-20°C; ratio COD : NO3-N = 6). The disadvantage of raw G-phase without acidulation treatment was the formation of white precipitated soaps and their accumulation in the settling part of g-l-s separator of the USB reactor.
  
  KEY WORDS: anoxic granulated biomass, denitrification, external organic substrate, crude glycerol
  
  Address:
  - Miloslav Drtil, Oddelenie environmentálneho inžinierstva Fakulta chemickej a potravinárskej technológie Slovenská technická univerzita Bratislava Radlinského 9 812 37 Bratislava Slovenská republika (Corresponding author. Tel.:0903 932219 Fax.: 4212 52495243 Email: miloslav.drtil@stuba.sk)
  - Ivana Jonatová, Oddelenie environmentálneho inžinierstva Fakulta chemickej a potravinárskej technológie Slovenská technická univerzita Bratislava Radlinského 9 812 37 Bratislava Slovenská republika
  - Lenka Babjaková, Oddelenie environmentálneho inžinierstva Fakulta chemickej a potravinárskej technológie Slovenská technická univerzita Bratislava Radlinského 9 812 37 Bratislava Slovenská republika
  - Nina Kolesárová, Oddelenie environmentálneho inžinierstva Fakulta chemickej a potravinárskej technológie Slovenská technická univerzita Bratislava Radlinského 9 812 37 Bratislava Slovenská republika
  - Katarína Galbová, Oddelenie environmentálneho inžinierstva Fakulta chemickej a potravinárskej technológie Slovenská technická univerzita Bratislava Radlinského 9 812 37 Bratislava Slovenská republika

Acta Hydrologica Slovaca, Vol. 12, No. sc, 2011, p. 124 - 127, doi:
Scientific Paper, Slovak

Miloslav Drtil, Ivana Jonatová, Katarína Galbová, Lenka Babjaková: Immission limits and quality of surface water in Slovak republic

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• Influence of construction, reconstruction and enlargement of municipal wastewater treatment plants as decisive point sources of pollution on surface water quality in Slovak republic is discussed. Quality of surface water in the years 2001 – 2008 is compared. In addition, real quality of surface water is compared with valid immission limits.
  
  KEY WORDS: immission limits in Slovak republic, quality of surface water, diffusion and point sources of pollution
  
  Address:
  - Miloslav Drtil, Oddelenie environmentálneho inžinierstva Fakulta chemickej a potravinárskej technológie Slovenská technická univerzita Bratislava Radlinského 9 812 37 Bratislava Slovenská republika (Corresponding author. Tel.:0903 932219 Fax.: 4212 52495243 Email: miloslav.drtil@stuba.sk)
  - Ivana Jonatová, Oddelenie environmentálneho inžinierstva Fakulta chemickej a potravinárskej technológie Slovenská technická univerzita Bratislava Radlinského 9 812 37 Bratislava Slovenská republika
  - Katarína Galbová, Oddelenie environmentálneho inžinierstva Fakulta chemickej a potravinárskej technológie Slovenská technická univerzita Bratislava Radlinského 9 812 37 Bratislava Slovenská republika
  - Lenka Babjaková, Oddelenie environmentálneho inžinierstva Fakulta chemickej a potravinárskej technológie Slovenská technická univerzita Bratislava Radlinského 9 812 37 Bratislava Slovenská republika

Acta Hydrologica Slovaca, Vol. 12, No. sc, 2011, p. 128 - 135, doi:
Scientific Paper, Slovak

Miloslav Drtil, Lenka Babjaková, Katarína Galbová, Ivana Jonatová: Intensification of nitrogen biological removal in reactors with granulated biomass

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• Except of standard nitrification – denitrification in activated sludge reactors it is possible to utilize also other specific technologies for nitrogen removal from wastewater. Particularly denitrification in USB reactors with anoxic granulated biomass and anaerobic oxidation of ammonium in reactors with ANAMMOX granulated biomass are perspective processes. Summarized are basic information about both processes like wastewater composition, technological parameters of the reactors, biochemical fundamentals of the processes, inocula and conditions for granulation etc. Current research of this processes contributed by APVV-0417-07 project and CEIPO project ITMS 26240120004 is introduced.
  
  KEY WORDS: denitrification with anoxic granulated biomass, anaerobic oxidation of ammonium with ANAMMOX granulated biomass,technological parameters of reactors with granulated biomass
  
  Address:
  - Miloslav Drtil, Oddelenie environmentálneho inžinierstva Fakulta chemickej a potravinárskej technológie Slovenská technická univerzita Bratislava Radlinského 9 812 37 Bratislava Slovenská republika (Corresponding author. Tel.:0903 932219 Fax.: +4212 52495243 Email: miloslav.drtil@stuba.sk)
  - Lenka Babjaková, Oddelenie environmentálneho inžinierstva Fakulta chemickej a potravinárskej technológie Slovenská technická univerzita Bratislava Radlinského 9 812 37 Bratislava Slovenská republika
  - Katarína Galbová, Oddelenie environmentálneho inžinierstva Fakulta chemickej a potravinárskej technológie Slovenská technická univerzita Bratislava Radlinského 9 812 37 Bratislava Slovenská republika
  - Ivana Jonatová, Oddelenie environmentálneho inžinierstva Fakulta chemickej a potravinárskej technológie Slovenská technická univerzita Bratislava Radlinského 9 812 37 Bratislava Slovenská republika

Acta Hydrologica Slovaca, Vol. 12, No. sc, 2011, p. 136 - 142, doi:
Scientific Paper, Slovak

Igor Bodík, Miloslav Drtil: Perspectives of sludge treatment at Slovak wastewater treatment plants from the point of view of biogas production

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• Current situation and perspectives of sludge treatment at slovak municipal wastewater treatment plants (WWTP) is discussed. Sludge treatment units (mainly anaerobic digestors) at majority of slovak WWTP are underloaded. Reserves can be utilized in increased anaerobic production of biogas from sludge mixed with external organic substrates and wastes transported to WWTP (directly to anaerobic digestors). Attention should be given not only to anaerobic process with biogas production, but also to quality of sludge water and its influence on wastewater treatment processes and on quality of treated wastewater discharged to surface water.
  
  KEY WORDS: Sludge treatment, municipal WWTP in SR, biogas production, sludge and external organic substrates, sludge water
  
  Address:
  - Igor Bodík, Oddelenie environmentálneho inžinierstva Fakulta chemickej a potravinárskej technológie Slovenská technická univerzita Bratislava Radlinského 9 812 37 Bratislava Slovenská republika (Corresponding author. Tel.:+4212 59325384 Fax.: +4212 52495243 Email: igor.bodikl@stuba.sk)
  - Miloslav Drtil, Oddelenie environmentálneho inžinierstva Fakulta chemickej a potravinárskej technológie Slovenská technická univerzita Bratislava Radlinského 9 812 37 Bratislava Slovenská republika

Acta Hydrologica Slovaca, Vol. 12, No. sc, 2011, p. 143 - 147, doi:
Scientific Paper, Slovak

Lenka Černochová, Ján Derco, Miloslav Drtil, Michal Melicher: Simulation of torrential rain impact on WWTP and receiving water

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• The results of simulations performed with simulation program ASIM 4 and SIMBA 6 are presented. The aim was to evaluate rain events influence on effluent from biological stage of WWTP and pollution in receiving water. The average daily dry weather flow was considered as reference. Maximal flow to biological stage regards to critical situation. Significantly lower ammonium and COD removal efficiencies during torrential rains follow from the results of simulations. Applied river model is not suitable for simulations of torrential rains which would lead to floods. The results of simulation calculations for other torrential rains indicate that COD immission values in the river can be exceeded by 3.4 to 16.4 fold during the release of diluted municipal wastewater in the river from overflows
  
  KEY WORDS: water quality, CSO structures, torrential rain, receiving water, sewer system
  
  Address:
  - Lenka Černochová, Oddelenie environmentálneho inžinierstva Fakulta chemickej a potravinárskej technológie STU Radlinského 9 812 37 Bratislava, Slovenská republika (Corresponding author. Tel.:+421 2 52495243 Fax.: +421 2 52495243 Email: lenka.cernochova@stuba.sk)
  - Ján Derco, Oddelenie environmentálneho inžinierstva Fakulta chemickej a potravinárskej technológie STU Radlinského 9 812 37 Bratislava, Slovenská republika
  - Miloslav Drtil, Oddelenie environmentálneho inžinierstva Fakulta chemickej a potravinárskej technológie STU Radlinského 9 812 37 Bratislava, Slovenská republika
  - Michal Melicher, Oddelenie environmentálneho inžinierstva Fakulta chemickej a potravinárskej technológie STU Radlinského 9 812 37 Bratislava, Slovenská republika

Acta Hydrologica Slovaca, Vol. 12, No. sc, 2011, p. 148 - 152, doi:
Scientific Paper, Slovak

Július Šútor, Vlasta Štekauerová: Present aspects soil hydrology in relation to pedology

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• The monitoring of soil water content in soil horizons is objective method to estimate water storage in soil zone aeration. The alternative method of monitoring is numerical simulation of soil water regime by mathematical model. This method requires physical and hydrophysical.characteristics of soils as input date to mathematical model. The subject of this contribution is analysis of requirements of soil hydrology on pedology with aspect on specification of soil profile.
  
  KEY WORDS: hydrophysical characteristic, soil active horizon, water storage, monitoring
  
  Address:
  - Július Šútor, Ústav hydrológie SAV Račianska 75 838 11 Bratislava, Slovenská republika (Corresponding author. Tel.:49268293 Fax.: Email: sutor@uh.savba.sk)
  - Vlasta Štekauerová, Ústav hydrológie SAV Račianska 75 838 11 Bratislava, Slovenská republika

Acta Hydrologica Slovaca, Vol. 12, No. sc, 2011, p. 153 - 159, doi:
Scientific Paper, Slovak

Justína Vitková, Jana Skalová, Vlasta Štekauerová: Estimation of soil water regime on the base of agronomical classificiation

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• The soil water regime evaluating is important for development of prognosis soil water changes in consequences of technical intervention and also for soil water balance in certain area. There are many classification systems of soil water regime, but not all of them are respecting the optimal conditions for plants. The modify agronomic classification respects them and seems to be the most appropriate for expression of soil water storage in active root zone. This classification is applied for Malé Leváre area in year 1971-2007 in 50 cm of active root zone. This method is good for evaluating soil water regime on the base of characteristics assigned by simulation on mathematical model.
  
  KEY WORDS: soil water regime, agronomic classification, water storage, soil water regime evaluating
  
  Address:
  - Justína Vitková, Katedra vodného hospodárstva krajiny SvF, STU v Bratislave Radlinského 11 813 68 Bratislava, Slovenská republika (Corresponding author. Tel.: Fax.: Email: justina.vitkova@stuba.sk)
  - Jana Skalová, Katedra vodného hospodárstva krajiny SvF, STU v Bratislave Radlinského 11 813 68 Bratislava, Slovenská republika
  - Vlasta Štekauerová, Ústav hydrológie SAV Račianska 75 838 11 Bratislava, Slovenská republika

Acta Hydrologica Slovaca, Vol. 12, No. sc, 2011, p. 160 - 163, doi:
Scientific Paper, Slovak

Vlasta Štekauerová, Viliam Nagy: Water assign of agricultural arable soils and forest ecosystems

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• Some areas in Slovakia witness extreme maximum or minimum or lacking precipitation much more frequently. The first example results into floods and the second one into excessive soil drying. Water regime, which determines soil productive ability, depends on water inflow and outflow into or out of unsaturated soil zone. The water supply in the unsaturated soil zone is directly influenced by a water transfer through its upper and lower boundary. The lower boundary is usually delimited by water ground table. The upper boundary is the soil surface with or without plant canopy. It reacts directly on meteorological and climate conditions through evapotranspiration. It is a place enabling the water inflow from precipitation into lower layers of a soil profile. Soil water contents from soil surface to groundwater level with discretization 10cm were measured by neutron probe at two localities of Žitný ostrov. The object of presentation were to calculate integral water contents of layers 0-30, and 30-60cm of localities and they compare one other.
  
  KEY WORDS: Soil water regime, hydrolimits, neutron probe
  
  Address:
  - Vlasta Štekauerová, Ústav hydrológie SAV Račianska 75 838 11 Bratislava, Slovenská republika (Corresponding author. Tel.:44259404 Fax.: Email: stekauerova@uh.savba.sk)
  - Viliam Nagy, Ústav hydrológie SAV Račianska 75 838 11 Bratislava, Slovenská republika

Acta Hydrologica Slovaca, Vol. 12, No. sc, 2011, p. 164 - 171, doi:
Scientific Paper, Slovak

Vlasta Štekauerová, Viliam Nagy, Katarína Brezianska: Soil water regime influenced by upper and lower boundary condition

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• The aim of this work is to obtain of bulk density course in individual soil profile layers 0-5cm and 5-10cm under soil surface in localities of The Rye Island during years 1999-2000. The localities are forest ecosystems – Bodíky and Kralovska luka and agricultural cultivated soil Čiližská Radvaň. The values of bulk density are very variable during each year. Calculation of volume water content of soil using average value of bulk density and actual soil moisture using by weight is not suitable.
  
  KEY WORDS: flood, dought, soil, bulk density, volumetric water content
  
  Address:
  - Vlasta Štekauerová, Ústav hydrológie SAV Račianska 75 838 11 Bratislava, Slovenská republika (Corresponding author. Tel.:44259404 Fax.: Email: stekauerova@uh.savba.sk)
  - Viliam Nagy, Ústav hydrológie SAV Račianska 75 838 11 Bratislava, Slovenská republika
  - Katarína Brezianska, Ústav hydrológie SAV Račianska 75 838 11 Bratislava, Slovenská republika

Acta Hydrologica Slovaca, Vol. 12, No. sc, 2011, p. 171 - 176, doi:
Scientific Paper, Slovak

Vlasta Štekauerová, Peter Šurda, Marek Rodný: Impact of floods on water regime of territory

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• The problem of floods is given in recent years relatively much attention. It is a phenomenon that can observed immediately. The impact of flooding on soil water regime, water quality in the unsaturated soil zone, respectively change mainly surface soil characteristics yet not enough attention is paid. Contribution deal with one of the problems, related to problems of flooding, respectively the time during which will begin to form puddles on the soil surface after precipitation. To be determined this time, it is necessary to know the basic characteristics of water infiltration into the soil - the cumulative infiltration and infiltration rate. These characteristics can be determined infiltration experiment in the field. In this work we use an alternative method for obtaining these basic infiltration characteristics.
  
  KEY WORDS: flood, infiltration, soil
  
  Address:
  - Vlasta Štekauerová, Ústav hydrológie SAV Račianska 75 838 11 Bratislava, Slovenská republika (Corresponding author. Tel.:44259404 Fax.: Email: stekauerova@uh.savba.sk)
  - Peter Šurda, Ústav hydrológie SAV Račianska 75 838 11 Bratislava, Slovenská republika
  - Marek Rodný, Ústav hydrológie SAV Račianska 75 838 11 Bratislava, Slovenská republika