Acta Hydrologica Slovaca, Vol. 12, No. 1, 2011, p. 3 - 12, doi:
Scientific Paper, Slovak

Vlasta Štekauerová, Viliam Nagy, Július Šútor: Soil water regime of floodplain forests under influence of groundwater level in area of hydropower station Gabčíkovo

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  • In general, the formation of the water regime of soil aeration zone is influenced by various factors. The most important are the location of soil sites in topography, soil properties, ground water, climate, vegetation and anthropogenic impact. Influence of groundwater level on water regime of soil aeration zone was studied in Žitný ostrov localities during years 1999 – 2009. Soil moisture was measured by neutron probe in verticals from soil surface to groundwater level every two weeks in two localities. Water storage of soil layer 0 – 100 cm was not influenced by groundwater level in locality Bodíky but it was influenced in Kráľovská Lúka.

    KEY WORDS: soil water regime, groundwater level, monitoring of water content

    Address:
    - Vlasta Štekauerová, Ústav hydrológie SAV Račianska 75 831 02 Bratislava, Slovenská republika (Corresponding author. Tel.:+4212 44259 404 Fax.: +4212 44259 404 Email: stekauer@uh.savba.sk)
    - Viliam Nagy, Ústav hydrológie SAV Račianska 75 831 02 Bratislava, Slovenská republika
    - Július Šútor, Ústav hydrológie SAV Račianska 75 831 02 Bratislava, Slovenská republika

     




Acta Hydrologica Slovaca, Vol. 12, No. 1, 2011, p. 13 - 21, doi:
Scientific Paper, Slovak

Július Šútor: Analysis characters of interaction of the aeration zone with the ground water table

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  • Water storage in soil aeration zone is in the vegetation period influenced by several phenomena. Mainly by meteorological conditions, vegetation cover, and the groundwater level surface if it is in contact with the soil profile. Integral impact of these components determines course of the soil water storage in the aeration zone throughout the whole vegetation period. It can be quantified either by a direct monitoring , or by a numerical simulation using soil water regime computer models. In this study, time courses and sums are presented of the capillary water inflow Ik and the drainage outflow Id through the aeration zone lower limit, during the 2001 vegetation period, on the Bodiky (locality South Slovakia lowland – Žitny Ostrov). Water storage dynamics under the Ik and Id influence , was detected by a direct monitoring. Water flows Ik and Id are quantified by a mathematical model numerical simulation of the soil water regime.

    KEY WORDS: monitoring of soil moisture, capillary flux, drainage outflow, soil water storage

    Address:
    - Július Šútor, Ústav hydrológie SAV Račianska 75 831 02 Bratislava, Slovenská republika (Corresponding author. Tel.:+4212 44259383 Fax.: +4212 44259404 Email: sutor@uh.savba.sk)

     




Acta Hydrologica Slovaca, Vol. 12, No. 1, 2011, p. 22 - 28, doi:
Scientific Paper, Slovak

Július Šútor, Peter Šurda, Vlasta Štekauerová: Effect of the time periods without precipitation on water storage dynamics in the aeration zone of the soil

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  • Interannual variability of the rainfall amount distribution causes non-uniformity of the water supply for vegetation cover from the aeration zone of the soil profile (i.e. third water source of the land). One of the possible parameters for the quantification of rainfall distribution in the area of interest is the length of the periods without precipitation. Critical time range of the single rainfall events coincides with the state of the soil profile, when average soil moisture in the soil profile (or its corresponding water content in soil profile) declines on the value of hydrolimit for wilting point. In the presented study is analysed the impact of periods without precipitation on the dynamics of water content in the soil aeration zone in the conditions of Žitný ostrov area. For this purpose was used the data set of monitored soil moisture values (for locality Trstená na Ostrove, year 1994) and statistically processed values of daily precipitation totals as was monitored by SHMÚ.

    KEY WORDS: soil drought, time periods without precipitation, hydrolimits

    Address:
    - Július Šútor, Ústav hydrológie SAV Račianska 75 831 02 Bratislava, Slovenská republika (Corresponding author. Tel.: +4212 44259 383 Fax.: +4212 44259 404 Email: sutor@uh.savba.sk)
    - Peter Šurda, Ústav hydrológie SAV Račianska 75 831 02 Bratislava, Slovenská republika
    - Vlasta Štekauerová, Ústav hydrológie SAV Račianska 75 831 02 Bratislava, Slovenská republika

     




Acta Hydrologica Slovaca, Vol. 12, No. 1, 2011, p. 29 - 42, doi:
Scientific Paper, Slovak

Anežka Čelková: Analysis of groundwater characteristics affecting soil salinization in the area of interest in Eastern Slovak Lowland

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  • The presented paper contains an analysis of time courses of EC and SAR values of groundwater and trends of annual average groundwater table levels for the period 1982 – 2008 in the eight monitored objects in the area of interest in Eastern Slovak Lowland (Fig.1) and through of these groundwater characteristics, risk of soil salinization and alkalization due to mineralized groundwater was ascertained. The EC values of groundwater ranged from 21,5 mS.m-1 to 135 mS.m-1 and show a growing tendency for the period 1982 - 2008 in the most observation wells. Groundwater in the area of interest are classified as medium to highly mineralized with medium to high degree of danger of the soil salinization. The SAR values, ranging in the interval of 0,1 < SAR < 1,43 indicate low alkalization hazard and show increasing tendency for evaluated period in the most monitored groundwater. The trends of annual average groundwater table levels show a growing tendency in the most observation wells.

    KEY WORDS: groundwater, EC, SAR, salinization, alkalization, Eastern Slovak Lowland

    Address:
    - Anežka Čelková, Ústav hydrológie SAV Račianska 75 831 02 Bratislava, Slovenská republika (Corresponding author. Tel.: +4212 49268263 Fax.: Email: celkova@uh.savba.sk)

     




Acta Hydrologica Slovaca, Vol. 12, No. 1, 2011, p. 43 - 58, doi:
Scientific Paper, Slovak

Dana Baroková, Andrej Šoltész: Groundwater flow in the area of planning TEN-T routing Study. (Part: right bank of Danube – Bratislava Petržalka rail station)

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  • In frame of improvement the transport infrastructure in the Bratislava region the connection between the airport and railway network is planned. One part of planning project Trans European Network for Transport so called TEN-T it should be built in right part of the Danube River in the Petržaka region and it will affect the groundwater flow regime. This was the reason for establishing a finite element numerical model for evaluating the impact of the planning construction on the groundwater level (GWL) regime as well as for introduction of technical measures to neglect the impacts. Such a model was elaborated and the results have shown possibilities of control the groundwater regime in the aquifer affected by a railway construction only during construction.

    KEY WORDS: interaction of surface and groundwater, underground wall, numerical modelling, finite element method, TEN-T

    Address:
    - Dana Baroková, Katedra hydrotechniky Stavebnej fakulty STU v Bratislave Radlinského 11 813 68 Bratislava, Slovenská republika (Corresponding author. Tel.:+421 2 59274 693 Fax.: Email: dana.barokova@stuba.sk)
    - Andrej Šoltész, Katedra hydrotechniky Stavebnej fakulty STU v Bratislave Radlinského 11 813 68 Bratislava, Slovenská republika

     




Acta Hydrologica Slovaca, Vol. 12, No. 1, 2011, p. 59 - 64, doi:
Scientific Paper, Slovak

Daniel Kubinský, Karol Weis: Retention volume changes in the area of Halčianske Lake

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  • Article is focused on the evaluation of retention volume changes of Halčianske Lake in the area of Banská Belá municipality which is situated near Banská Štiavnica. Under the influence of sedimentation, significant aggradation is being created in this lake and it influences in a large extent the lake itself, its morphometric parameters and also the close surroundings of the lake

    KEY WORDS: volume changes, water erosion, modelling, Halčianske Lake

    Address:
    - Daniel Kubinský, Katedra životného prostredia Fakulta prírodných vied - Univerzita Mateja Bela Tajovského 40 974 01 Banská Bystrica, Slovenská republika (Corresponding author. Tel.: Fax.: Email: posta@dkubinsky.sk)
    - Karol Weis, Katedra geografie, geológie a krajinnej ekológie Fakulta prírodných vied - Univerzita Mateja Bela Tajovského 40 974 01 Banská Bystrica, Slovenská republika

     




Acta Hydrologica Slovaca, Vol. 12, No. 1, 2011, p. 65 - 73, doi:
Scientific Paper, Slovak

Pavla Pekárová, Peter Škoda, Oľga Majerčáková, Pavol Miklánek: Important floods of the past on the territory of Slovakia

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  • The systematic instrumented hydrologic observations started mostly in the second half of the 20th century in Slovakia. The relatively short data time series may not cover neither the extreme floods with long return periods, nor significant changes in their frequency, or seasonality. Such information may have basic importance for risk assessment of both floods and droughts. Therefore it is necessary to include other data sources as well. The evaluation of the design values (N-year flood) from the series of annual discharge maxima from the instrumented era resulted in underestimation of the flood risk. Data on floods before the instrumented era can be obtained from analysis of related natural data – so called paleofloods, or from various documents and historical sources (flood signs, annals of the cities and villages) – so called historical floods. The aim of the paper is to summarize the basic knowledge on historical floods on the territory of Slovakia.

    KEY WORDS: historical hydrology, historical floods, Slovakia

    Address:
    - Pavla Pekárová, Ústav hydrológie SAV Račianska 75 831 02 Bratislava, Slovenská republika (Corresponding author. Tel.:004212 44259311 Fax.: 004212 44259311 Email: pekarova@uh.savba.sk)
    - Peter Škoda, Slovenský hydrometeorologický Ústav Jeséniova 17 833 15 Bratislava, Slovenská republika
    - Oľga Majerčáková, Slovenský hydrometeorologický Ústav Jeséniova 17 833 15 Bratislava, Slovenská republika
    - Pavol Miklánek, Ústav hydrológie SAV Račianska 75 831 02 Bratislava, Slovenská republika

     




Acta Hydrologica Slovaca, Vol. 12, No. 1, 2011, p. 74 - 81, doi:
Scientific Paper, Slovak

Viliam Šimor, Kamila Hlavčová, Silvia Kohnová, Milan Čistý: Prediction average of the annual maximum series (index flood) using Artificial Neural Networks

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  • The aim of this paper was to apply artificial neural networks (ANNs) for estimating mean annual maximum discharges (index floods) for 145 small catchments in Slovakia. The catchments were divided into clusters using different geographic characteristic. The ANNs structure was applied as a simple multilayer perceptron. As a training algorithm the back propagation learning algorithm was used. As an activation function the hyperbolic tangents were used in the hidden layer of neurons. For every cluster different predicting characteristic were selected. The efficiency of estimated results was tested by the Nash – Sutcliffe coefficient.

    KEY WORDS: Artificial Neural Networks (ANNs), annual maximum series forecasting (flood index)

    Address:
    - Viliam Šimor, Katedra vodného hospodárstva krajiny Stavebná fakulta STU v Bratislave Radlinského 11 813 68 Bratislava, Slovenská republika (Corresponding author. Tel.:+4212 592 74 498 Fax.: Email: viliam.simor@stuba.sk)
    - Kamila Hlavčová, Katedra vodného hospodárstva krajiny Stavebná fakulta STU v Bratislave Radlinského 11 813 68 Bratislava, Slovenská republika
    - Silvia Kohnová, Katedra vodného hospodárstva krajiny Stavebná fakulta STU v Bratislave Radlinského 11 813 68 Bratislava, Slovenská republika
    - Milan Čistý, Katedra vodného hospodárstva krajiny Stavebná fakulta STU v Bratislave Radlinského 11 813 68 Bratislava, Slovenská republika

     




Acta Hydrologica Slovaca, Vol. 12, No. 1, 2011, p. 82 - 91, doi:
Scientific Paper, Slovak

Marcela Bulantová, Oliver Horvát, Kamila Hlavčová, Silvia Kohnová: Modelling impact of land use change on runoff in the Kysuca and Turiec river basins

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  • The purpose of this paper is to present a methodology for assessing the impact of land use change on the runoff processes in various catchments. To estimate the impact of land use change on runoff and water balance components for selected river basins in Slovakia the rainfall - runoff model FRIER with distributed parameters was used. The model was developed for the hydrological modeling of runoff and hydrological balance in our conditions.This article describes the simulated results of runoff changes due to changes in land use in the Kysuca and Turiec river basin, as well as the opportunities and limitations of the use of rainfall - runoff models with spatially-distributed parameters for simulation of runoff under changed runoff conditions.

    KEY WORDS: rainfall - runoff modeling, model FRIER, catchment model parameters

    Address:
    - Marcela Bulantová, Katedra vodného hospodárstva krajiny Stavebná fakulta STU v Bratislave Radlinského 11 813 68 Bratislava, Slovenská republika (Corresponding author. Tel.: +4212 592 74 498 Fax.: Email: marcela.bulantova@stuba.sk)
    - Oliver Horvát, Katedra vodného hospodárstva krajiny Stavebná fakulta STU v Bratislave Radlinského 11 813 68 Bratislava, Slovenská republika
    - Kamila Hlavčová, Katedra vodného hospodárstva krajiny Stavebná fakulta STU v Bratislave Radlinského 11 813 68 Bratislava, Slovenská republika
    - Silvia Kohnová, Katedra vodného hospodárstva krajiny Stavebná fakulta STU v Bratislave Radlinského 11 813 68 Bratislava, Slovenská republika

     




Acta Hydrologica Slovaca, Vol. 12, No. 1, 2011, p. 92 - 101, doi:
Scientific Paper, Slovak

Miroslav Sabo, Andrea Števková, Silvia Kohnová: Using of self-organizing maps for the deriving of pooling groups of the low flows in Slovakia

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  • This paper deals with the testing of a new approach by the pooling of low flows in Slovakia. For the deriving of pooling groups the artificial intelligence, especially self-organizing maps were used. This methodology was compared with results of non hierarchic k-means clustering. For the analysis 217 small and mid sized catchments from the whole territory of Slovakia were selected. As the pooling variable, the relative frequency of the low flows lower than Q95 was used. The comparison of the pooling schemes was tested using associative coefficients. The results proved that the SOM are a suitable tool for pooling of low flows seasonality in Slovakia.

    KEY WORDS: self organizing maps, low flows, clustering

    Address:
    - Miroslav Sabo, Katedra matematiky a deskriptívnej geometrie Stavebná fakulta STU Radlinského 11 813 68 Bratislava, Slovenská republika (Corresponding author. Tel.: Fax.: Email: miroslav.sabo@stuba.sk)
    - Andrea Števková, Katedra vodného hospodárstva krajiny Stavebná fakulta STU Radlinského 11 813 68 Bratislava, Slovenská republika
    - Silvia Kohnová, Katedra vodného hospodárstva krajiny Stavebná fakulta STU Radlinského 11 813 68 Bratislava, Slovenská republika

     




Acta Hydrologica Slovaca, Vol. 12, No. 1, 2011, p. 102 - 112, doi:
Scientific Paper, Slovak

Petra Miklíková: Impact of possible climate change on seasonal runoff distribution

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  • The aim of the paper is to evaluate the climate change and its future impact on the runoff system from the river Vah basin to the profile of Liptovský Mikuláš. For this purpose it is necessary to determine the parameters of the monthly rainfall runoff model, forecast the average monthly river flows for the scenario of future climate change and to calculate the average monthly flows variance compared against the reference period. The parameters of the monthly rainfall runoff model are determined by calibrating and validating the model. Climate change scenarios help to illustrate the changes in the conditions such as forecasted monthly precipitation, average monthly air temperature in the river basins and the average monthly air humidity. The future average monthly river flows affected by climate change are determined by hydrological system change model. It is expected that the future average monthly flows will gradually decrease, particularly in the summer months whilst an increase in the future average monthly flows is expected in the period between January to April.

    KEY WORDS: climate change, rainfall runoff model, river flows

    Address:
    - Petra Miklíková, Katedra vodného hospodárstva krajiny Stavebná fakulta STU Radlinského 11 813 68 Bratislava, Slovenská republika (Corresponding author. Tel.: Fax.: Email: petra.miklikova@gmail.com)

     




Acta Hydrologica Slovaca, Vol. 12, No. 1, 2011, p. 113 - 127, doi:
Scientific Paper, Slovak

Katarína Juričeková: Assessment of Bardoňovo municipal’s cadastre territory’s water erosion risk

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  • The aim of this work is to assess Bardoňovo municipal’s cadastre territory’s water erosion risk, estimate annual average soil loss and subsequently design possible ways of chosen territory conservation. As a basis we had topographic maps of 1:50000 scale and 1:10000 and digital maps of 1:50000 scale, with growth and vector layers containing information about territory utilisation as a soil map, map of communications, river network etc. To calculate the annual average soil loss we used the empirical method Universal soil loss equation, so called Wischmeier-Smith equation. We calculated the factors L and S that enter the Universal soil loss equation as a joined topographic factor LS from digital data in GIS. The resulting annual soil loss, from chosen territory, is presented in the form of a digital map and table. During the calculations we worked with the programs and software IDRISI32, Cartalinx and Usle2D.

    KEY WORDS: erosion, water erosion, Bardoňovo, Universal soil loss equation, Usle2D

    Address:
    - Katarína Juričeková, Katedra vodného hospodárstva krajiny Stavebná fakulta STU v Bratislave Radlinského 11 813 68 Bratislava, Slovenská republika (Corresponding author. Tel.: Fax.: Email: kejtrinka@gmail.com)

     




AHS Editorial Office
Institute of Hydrology SAS
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email: Yvetta.Veliskova@savba.sk

Journal of Hydrology and Hydromechanics
Institute of Hydrology SAS
Dúbravská cesta 9
841 04 Bratislava
Slovak Republic
web: www.ih.sav.sk/jhh

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